Lead-zinc ore is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and other fields. In recent years, with the development of economy, especially the rapid expansion of automobile industry, lead-zinc ore, as the raw material of lead production essential for battery production, has been in short supply. This article takes a 2,000-ton lead-zinc ore production line as an example to introduce the ore dressing process and equipment.
Galena in lead-zinc ore has good natural floatability and is one of the most easily floatable sulfide minerals, while sphalerite also has a certain natural floatability. This characteristic determines that the beneficiation process of lead-zinc ore is mainly based on flotation, and its beneficiation process is as follows:
1. Crushing: First, the raw ore is crushed by crushing equipment for preliminary crushing. Usually, crushing is divided into 2-3 stages. The jaw crusher is used for coarse crushing, and the cone crusher is usually used for medium and fine crushing.
2. Grinding: The crushed ore is ground by a ball mill to achieve further dissociation of the mineral. Grinding is usually 1-2 stages of grinding. The two-stage grinding can be carried out by a grate ball mill and an overflow ball mill to gradually reach the mineral particle size that can be dissociated into monomers. If only one stage of grinding is required, then usually only an overflow ball mill is used.
3. Classification: The ore pulp after grinding is classified by a classification equipment to control the appropriate particle size distribution. Usually, the spiral classifier is used with the grate ball mill, and the hydrocyclone is used with the overflow ball mill.
4. Flotation:
Since the composition of lead-zinc ore is relatively complex, and both lead and zinc concentrates need to be extracted at the same time, the following flotation processes can be selected according to the properties of the ore:
(1) Priority flotation process: float lead first and then zinc, which is suitable for ores with large differences in the floatability of lead and zinc minerals.
(2) Mixed flotation process: lead and zinc minerals are selected as mixed concentrates, and then separated to obtain a single concentrate product.
(3) Equal floatability flotation process: according to the floatability of lead and zinc minerals, minerals with similar floatability are mixed in turn, and then the mixed concentrates are separated to obtain a single concentrate product.
(4) Asynchronous flotation process: in the same selection cycle, lead and zinc minerals are floated asynchronously under their own appropriate conditions through different operating conditions.
5. Dehydration: the lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and copper concentrate after flotation will be sent to their respective concentrate pools and dehydrated by dehydration equipment such as high-efficiency concentrators.
6. Tailings treatment: The discharged tailings will be sent to the tailings dam for storage for further comprehensive utilization.
7. Concentrate treatment: The dehydrated concentrate is bagged and sent to the smelter for further processing or exported as a product.
The above introduces the commonly used beneficiation process of lead-zinc ore production line. So what equipment is usually used in the configuration of equipment? Below we take the lead-zinc ore beneficiation plant with a daily processing capacity of 2000 tons as an example to list the required production line equipment for you:
1. Vibrating feeder, model ZSW-490×110, 1 unit, 15kw;
2. Jaw crusher, model 600×900, 1 unit, 75kw;
3. Vibrating screen, model 2szz 2400×6000, 1 unit, 37kw;
4. Cone crusher, model 1200, 1 unit, 160kw;
5. Ball mill (grid type), model 2700×3600, 2 units, 400kw;
6. Spiral classifier, model 2FG-20, 2 units, 15kw;
7. Overflow ball mill, model 2700×3600, 2 units, 400kw;
8. Hydrocyclone group, model 300×4, 2 units;
9. Mixing tank, model 3000×3000, 2 units, 11kw;
10. Flotation machine, model 4A, 24 units, 3kw;
11. Flotation machine, model 5A, 20 units, 4kw;
12. Cone bottom mixing tank, model 1500×1500, 2 units, 5.5kw;
13. Thickener, model NXZ-18, 1 unit, 5.5kw;
14. Filter, model TC-15, 1 unit, 2.5kw.
The above is the process flow of the lead-zinc ore production line with a daily processing capacity of 2,000 tons, and the ore dressing equipment required for the entire process.
